Affine Formation Maneuver Control for Multiagent Systems Based on Unknown Input Reconstruction

Disturbances can significantly impact the dynamic performance and stability of a system, making them a key focus in stability analysis. However, direct measurement of disturbances is often challenging due to technological and cost limitations. These disturbances introduce uncertainties that complicate multi-agent coordination, particularly in formation control tasks. Consequently, designing effective control strategies for multi-agent systems becomes both challenging and crucial. This paper addresses the affine transformation formation control problem of multi-agent systems in the presence of unknown disturbances. We begin by using a state-space model to describe agent dynamics and employing an unknown input observer to estimate both the state and the unknown disturbances. Based on these estimates, we redesign the control law to ensure that tracking errors converge to an adjustable residual set. This distributed control approach allows agents to operate without global information, thereby reducing communication requirements. Finally, a simulation example demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control law.