Tailoring Nucleation Dynamics in Perovskite Single Crystal for High-Sensitivity X-Ray Detection and Imaging

In this research, we present a nucleation modulation strategy that incorporates bromoacetic acid to regulate the nucleation and growth of MAPbBr ${}_{{2}.{94}}$ Cl ${}_{{0}.{06}}$ perovskite, effectively minimizing defects and facilitating high-quality single crystals with minimal time expenditure. As a result, the X-ray detector based on the optimized perovskite achieved an record high X-ray sensitivity of $5.4\times 10^{{4}}~\mu $ C Gy ${}_{\text {air}}^{-{1}}$ cm ${}^{-{2}}$ among planar MAPbBr3 devices and a detection limit as low as 17.8 nGyair s ${}^{-{1}}$ , which is ascribed to effectively reduced dark current and 2.2 times higher carrier mobility-life time products than the control sample. This result highlights the potential of achieving high-performance perovskite X-ray detectors via time-saving and facile strategies on nucleation dynamics.