Simulation-based channel modeling at 28 GHz for different vehicular traffic densities in vehicle-to-vehicle scenarios

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications have received a lot of attention as it can significantly improve efficiency and safety of road traffic. This paper introduces a novel data set, constructed at urban crossroads in different vehicular traffic densities (VTDs) for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) scenarios, utilizing Ray-tracing techniques for its development. Channel modeling was performed for the path loss, shadowing, and multipath characteristics of the propagation channel, that is, the root-mean-square delay spread, azimuth of arrival (AoA) spread and elevation of arrival (EoA) spread, correlations of spreads, and coherent distances of spreads of interest. The simulation results indicate that scenarios with low and medium VTD exhibit lower path loss and delay spread values compared to scenarios with high VTD. The AoA spread is significantly larger in the LOS scenarios compared to the NLOS scenarios, and the EoA spread demonstrates greater variations with different VTDs in both the LOS and the NLOS conditions. These results are important for generating realistic channel realizations for the design and performance evaluation of V2V communication algorithms in the context of the sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks.