Compact CPW-Fed Antenna Solutions For L1 Band Military Communication Devices: A Design Approach

This paper aims to design of Coplanar Waveguide (CPW)-fed rectangular spiral patch antenna for L1 GPS frequency (1.575 GHz), specifically aimed at enhancing secure military communication in portable and vehicular systems such as drones. The antenna employs a polyimide substrate with a dielectric permittivity of 3.4 and a depth of 0.75 mm, providinga balance between performance and cost. Copper is used for both patch and feed line, minimizing signal loss, while a Perfect Electric Conductor (PEC) ground plane ensures high radiation efficiency. This antenna is designed to provide robust Global positioning system (GPS) communication in harsh environments, supporting critical operations such as precision-guided systems and secure battlefield communications.