Comparison between the performance of NIR and MIR-based PAS for non-invasive glucose detection

A significant advancement in medical diagnostics is the non-invasive measurement of glucose. The effectiveness of photoacoustic (PA) signals produced from human tissue—which can be stimulated by lasers with mid-infrared (MIR) or near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths—for the detection of glucose is investigated in this work. Our goal is to compare the sensitivity between MIR and NIR excitation for noninvasive glucose detection. We conducted MATLAB simulations and analyzed the results using a model for PA signals. The results show that the PA signal vs concentration graph has a steeper slope for MIR than for NIR, and the peak absorbance of glucose is substantially higher in the MIR region. These findings highlight MIR-based PA spectroscopy’s potential for more precise and sensitive non-invasive glucose monitoring. Sensitivity of proposed method is evaluated, displaying values of 0.2796 Pa/concentration for mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths and 0.1697 Pa/concentration for near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths, highlighting the higher sensitivity of the MIR region for glucose concentration measurements.