Energy-Efficient Level Crossing ADC for Biomedical Applications: High-Precision Signal Acquisition with Ultra- Low Power Consumption

Level Crossing ADC samples the signal only when it crosses predefined voltage thresholds, significantly reducing the number of samples required compared to traditional Nyquist-rate ADCs. This method offers substantial power savings, especially for low-frequency biomedical signals like ECG and EEG. The research explores the integration of Level Crossing ADC in biomedical applications, emphasizing its potential to enhance signal acquisition while minimizing power consumption. The optimized approach ensures high-resolution data capture, making it ideal for portable, wearable devices. Additionally, the adaptive nature of the ADC enables real-time signal processing, improving efficiency and accuracy. The outcomes of this study could transform low-power, high-precision biomedical systems, advancing patient monitoring and diagnostics, and contributing to more effective, energy- efficient healthcare solutions. The proposed work demonstrates using cadence virtuoso 45 nm technology, achieving the highest SNDR (90.2 dB), ENOB (14.69), and FOM (178.3 dB) while maintaining the lowest power consumption (0.67 μ W). The proposed work achieves an optimal balance, proving to be the most efficient and high-performing solution.