1-bit Phase Reconfigurable Unit Cell for X-band Intelligent Reflective Surface

In this study, a 1-bit phase reconfigurable unit cell (UC) is proposed for an X-band intelligent reflective surface (IRS). The UC is designed by integrating a PIN diode into a slotted copper patch. The maximum phase shift occurs at the design frequency of 9.5 $\text{GHz}$ and the phase difference varies within $180^{\circ}\pm 20^{\circ}$ from 9 to 10 GHz in the X-band. A 16 $\times 16$ IRS is designed and simulated using the proposed UC to verify gain and beam steering performance. The IRS has a gain of $20.5 \text{dBi}$ at $\theta=0^{\circ}$. At $\theta=\pm 40^{\circ}$ the gain is $18.6 \ \text{dB}\mathbf{i}$ which validates good beam steering performance.