Study on Improving the Bandwidth and Gain of a Right-Angle Triangular Patch Antenna Using Slot

In this paper, two such microstrip antennas (right angle triangle patch antenna with base measurements of 44 mm and height of 110 mm) were primarily designed using an on-air substrate (foam). Using the method of moments, in order to model and analyze the antennas, the IE3D software was utilized. Furthermore, utilizing the evolutionary optimizer included in IE3D and structural modifications to the antenna (by adding slot), the patch geometry was further improved for wide band applications. Initially, Antenna 1 is a simple patch antenna, which has bandwidth (BW) of 0.09 GHz and 0.39 and gain of 8.4 dBi and 8 dBi respectively. By putting slot in Antenna 1 to design Antenna 2, which has BW of 0.56 GHz and gain of 9.31 dBi. The first BW is suitable to use because of its wide BW which is better than antenna 1 in BW and gain. It has been observed that while putting slot in designed patch antenna, the operating BW and gain increases. These antennas can be used in WiMAX middle band (3.2GHz to 3.8GHz) and Wi-Fi system.