An Introduction to the Three-Body Problem Optimization Algorithm: A Novel Swarm-Based Optimization Method

The Three-Body Problem Optimization Algorithm (3BPOA) is a metaheuristic method inspired by how gravity interacts if there are three bodies, a classical physics problem. 3BPOA uses 3 best agents or leaders where these 3 best agents will interact with each other and also influence the movement of the swarm. The interaction of these 3 best bodies or agents is also influenced by the distance between the three. In this study, 3BPOA was tested on the Rastrigrin mathematical function using various scenarios from 5 dimensions to 100 dimensions, also using various population sizes. The test results show that the 3BPOA algorithm has good performance in low dimensions and quite good in medium dimensions. In high dimensions, if using a large population, 3BPOA has good potential.