Advancements in Energy Harvesting Technologies with a Focus on Solar Energy Solutions

Energy harvesting technologies have emerged as vital tools for addressing the growing global energy demand by converting ambient energy into electrical power. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent developments across various energy harvesting methods, including piezoelectric, thermoelectric, electromagnetic, solar, and hybrid systems. Key advancements in material science, device innovation, and system integration are discussed, which enhance the efficiency and scalability of these technologies. Additionally, challenges such as energy storage, material limitations, and integration with current infrastructure are explored. This review also highlights future directions, particularly focusing on next-generation technology like bio-harvesting systems, which promise to revolutionize sustainable energy solutions. Applications of these systems span across sectors such as wearable electronics, industrial monitoring, and renewable energy, contributing to the development of low-power, self-sustaining devices.