Research on the Development of Key Technologies in the Hydrogen Energy Industry

The hydrogen energy industry is experiencing rapid development. This paper analyzed the current status and trends of technology development in key links of the hydrogen energy industry, including hydrogen production, storage and transportation, refueling, and application. Fossil fuel-based hydrogen production, industrial by-product hydrogen, and electrolysis of water are the main methods of hydrogen production currently, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In terms of storage and transportation, technologies such as high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, solid-state hydrogen storage, and organic liquid hydrogen storage have their unique characteristics and are suitable for different scenarios. As the infrastructure for hydrogen energy application, hydrogen refueling stations exhibit diverse construction forms and technical routes, providing strong support for the promotion of hydrogen-fueled vehicles. The application fields of hydrogen energy are extensive, covering transportation, electricity, industry, and other sectors, demonstrating its significant potential as a clean energy source. However, the hydrogen energy industry still faces challenges such as technical bottlenecks, high costs, and inadequate infrastructure construction. This paper aims to provide references for the sustained and healthy development of the hydrogen energy industry and offer theoretical basis for relevant enterprises and government departments to formulate development strategies.