Stable High-Frequency Components Recovery via Multichannel Absorption Compensation

The decrease in seismic data resolution due to Earth absorption, the so-called Q effects, can be characterized by frequency-dependent amplitude attenuation and velocity dispersion. Inverse Q-filtering is a key attenuation compensation technique for improving seismic resolution. However, high-frequency noise complicates the compensation process, requiring conventional methods to balance resolution enhancement with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), thereby inherently limiting their effectiveness. In this article, we present a multichannel absorption compensation framework for the accurate recovery of seismic high-frequency components. A structure operator is derived from attenuation data, providing a comprehensive representation of interfrequency dependencies. Specifically, the operator leverages the intrinsic mapping between low-frequency and high-frequency components, effectively capturing the stable high-frequency structure within the data. The operator is then incorporated into the inverse objective function to provide a robust constraint and enhance the precision of high-frequency recovery. Synthetic and field examples validate that the proposed method effectively produces high-resolution seismic data with an enhanced SNR.