894.6 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers for atomic sensing applications

We report the fabrication and characterization of 894.6 nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), and its applications in Cs-based chip-scale atomic clocks and magnetometers. The fabricated 894.6 nm VCSELs have low threshold of 0.3 mA, side-mode suppression ratio of 33.37 dB, orthogonal polarization suppression ratio of 25.57 dB, and modulation bandwidth of 7.83 GHz at a high temperature of 80 °C. Stable signals are obtained in the application of Cs-based magnetometers and atomic clocks.