Detection of Out-of-Plane Magnetic Field: Realized by TMR-Superconducting Composite Structure

Tunneling Magnetoresistance (TMR) magnetic sensors offer advantages such as high sensitivity, low power consumption, and compact size, making them promising for applications in fields like biomedical and geological exploration. Currently, most TMR magnetic sensors can only detect magnetic flux density in the horizontal in-plane direction due to the in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) of tunnel junctions. This article proposes a novel TMR-superconducting composite structure that enables TMR to detect out-of-plane magnetic flux density, and its sensitivity can be adjusted by modifying the shape and size of the superconducting layer. This study provides significant theoretical and experimental support for the design of high sensitivity magnetoresistance (MR) sensors and MR sensor arrays.