Improvement and Performance of Data Transmission Algorithms in Computer Communications

In response to the current problems of low data transmission efficiency, high latency, and insufficient stability in computer communications, this paper studies a comprehensive optimized data transmission algorithm, which aims to improve network resource utilization efficiency and transmission performance and reduce the frequency of congestion by dynamically adjusting the transmission rate, adaptive congestion control and queue management optimization. Firstly, a dynamic rate adjustment mechanism based on real-time network status detection is designed to monitor the network bandwidth, latency, and packet loss rate in real time to dynamically adjust the data packet transmission rate. Secondly, an adaptive congestion control strategy is applied to reduce the impact of congestion on data transmission by monitoring the network congestion status in real time and adjusting it according to the changing trend. Finally, queue management and priority scheduling algorithms are used to reasonably arrange the transmission order of data packets, reduce queuing delays, and improve the transmission efficiency of high-priority data packets. In terms of latency and throughput, as latency increases, throughput gradually decreases. Taking the bandwidth of 100Mbps as an example, when the network latency is 20ms, the throughput is 92.15Mbps, and when the latency is 100ms, the throughput drops to 74.11Mbps. The optimized data transmission algorithm proposed in this paper significantly improves the efficiency and stability of network transmission by dynamically adapting to network conditions. In future research, the application of this algorithm can be further expanded, and its adaptability and robustness in more complex network environments and high-load applications can be enhanced to improve the reliability of data transmission.