Feasible All-Optical OR and NOR Logic Gates in Photonic Crystals

This work presents the design and simulation of photonic crystal-based OR and NOR logic gates, aimed at eliminating the need for dynamic control signals dependent on input combinations. Utilizing silicon-based photonic crystals operating at a 1550 nm wavelength, the gates exhibit enhanced performance, making them suitable for optical computing. Simulation results confirm the reliability of the proposed designs, with the OR and NOR gates achieving contrast ratios of 5.3 dB and 5.1 dB, respectively. Innovative waveguide junctions play a crucial role in minimizing signal loss and preserving signal integrity. This work advances photonic computing by offering a simplified control mechanism while maintaining high performance, paving the way for more energy-efficient and faster alternatives to traditional electronic logic gates. Future research directions include experimental validation and integration into more complex photonic circuits.