Co-Design of the Power Stage and Adaptive Controller of a Charger/Discharger to Ensure Stability and Battery Safety

The charging/discharging process of batteries produces heat, degrades their materials, and decreases their capacity; this problem demonstrates the requirement of a co-design for both the power and control stages of a battery charger/discharger to ensure stability and safety in the entire operating range of the process. The literature review shows several charging/discharging solutions, but there is a lack of design procedures that consider the power stage and control system. This work presents a co-design process for both the power and control stages of a battery charger/discharger based on a boost converter. The system uses a sliding-mode current controller and an adaptive proportional voltage controller to ensure global stability, impose a first-order behavior in output voltage, and limit the battery current derivative to prevent battery-accelerated degradation. Simulation results validate the co-design process because they fulfill the design requirements for the charging, discharging, and standby scenarios.