Wi-Fi RTT Indoor Positioning using Visibility Matching with NLOS Receptions

Round-Trip Time (RTT) -based Wi-Fi indoor positioning technology is a critical component of the Internet of Things (IoT), enabling various location-based services in smart buildings. However, the positioning accuracy of RTT will be significantly degraded in environments with severe non-line-of-sight (NLOS) reception and a limited number of access points (APs). To solve this challenge, we propose an indoor positioning method based on visibility matching. Compared to the RTT, which is easily affected by NLOS reception, AP visibility is a new positioning feature determined by RTT and signal strength. Additional constraints can be imposed on the positioning system based on the consistency between the observed visibility and the simulated visibility. To improve the accuracy of RTT ranging, a multi-wall ranging model is adopted that considers the influence of signal penetration through walls. The proposed positioning method combines the refined RTT ranging result and visibility constraint. It mitigates the impact of NLOS receptions on positioning accuracy through the multi-wall ranging model and makes full use of the characteristics of NLOS signal through visibility matching. In different experiments, the proposed method improves median positioning accuracy from 2.3 meters to 0.64 meters compared to other methods.