Generation of Large-Aperture Turbulence Based on Telescopic Imaging Principles

With increasing demand for extreme magnitude detection, star sensors are moving towards larger apertures. However, improved detection accuracy highlights the significant impact of atmospheric turbulence during calibration and operation. This study addresses the need for a 200 mm star sensor through turbulence simulation. Utilizing Keplerian imaging and aperture matching, we establish a conjugate relationship between the liquid crystal focal plane and the sensor, overcoming challenges in large-aperture simulation. Sparse spectrum inversion with a liquid crystal spatial light modulator enables dynamic simulation of atmospheric turbulence. Experimental validation shows simulated coherence lengths from 0.5 cm to 15 cm.