Performance Analysis of Direct Refrigerant Cooling Systems for EV Battery Pack

This paper examines direct refrigerant cooling systems for prismatic lithium-ion battery packs, offering superior heat dissipation and compact integration compared to traditional air or liquid cooling methods. In these systems, refrigerant directly circulates through the cooling plate, unlike conventional systems where refrigerant cools a secondary coolant. The study analyzes heat transfer dynamics through theoretical calculations, validate predictions and assess real-world performance via experiments, and evaluates the benefits and challenges for electric vehicle (EV) battery management. The findings provide insights into the viability of these systems and guide future advancements in EV thermal management technologies.