Economic Insights on Demand Response Integration: Evaluating EV Load Hosting Capacity

In the present scenario of increased Electric Vehicle (EV) penetration and rising load demand, it is essential to assess the already existing power infrastructure. The evaluation of load hosting capacity of distribution lines' is required to quantify how much the system can withstand. It becomes necessary to determine the system's inherent capacity to support load addition before reinforcing the conductors or cables. This demands an efficient energy management strategy that can balance the supply and demand of electricity. One such strategy is Demand Response (DR), which involves adjusting the electricity consumption of end-users in response to changes in the grid conditions. EVs have emerged as potential prosumers who can contribute to DR by using their vehicle batteries to store and supply electricity back to the grid. The primary goal of this study is the incorporation of DR by load shifting to ensure that the line's maximum loading capacity is utilized to its maximum, For this analysis consideration of EVs are in terms of residential EVs. The inclusion of renewable penetration has also been considered. This kind of DR with hosting capacity analysis would help end-users and the operators to investigate the effects, and better equip the grid for stable and reliable operations in the near future. This has been analysed for initial configuration of IEEE 33 bus system.