Global Maternal Mortality Rate: A Cluster-Based Comparative Analysis

Health of the citizens plays a critical role in the growth of the nation in all aspects. Government healthcare expenditure constitutes a substantial portion of the gross domestic product (GDP). A healthy mother who delivers a healthy baby contributes significantly to the nation's future. Governments worldwide have implemented numerous initiatives to support individuals with physical and mental disabilities, premature infants, and other vulnerable groups. As per the World Health Organization (WHO) report- 2020, nearly 285,000 women lost their lives during childbirth. Notably, more than 90% of these maternal loss happened in lower and lower-middle countries based on income, and the majority were preventable. The global Maternal Mortality Ratio-MMR is the number of maternal death toll per 100,000 live deliveries which is reduced by about 34% from 2000 to 2020. This study utilizes MMR data from the World Bank and WHO, covering the period from 2000 to 2020, to perform a comprehensive analysis. The unsupervised clustering algorithms are applied to form countries according to their MMR rate, with analysis performed using appropriate metrics. The evaluation categorizes countries based on their MMR above and below the global average, providing valuable inference for decision makers to initiate new policies to mitigate MMR in high-risk areas.