A Comparative Analysis of Routing Protocols: Enhancing Energy Efficiency and Security in Wireless Networks

This paper aims to provide a systematic and critical analysis of current routing protocols in wireless networks with regard to energy saving and security features improvements. A few protocols like the Reliable Energy-Efficient Opportunistic Routing (REOR) and Secure Link State Routing (SLSR) are explained as to how they help in increasing the lifespan of energy and successfully counter security threats. These protocols implement path-diversity, dynamic-forwarder selection, and path-randomization mechanisms to enhance both reliability and security. The simulation findings show a high level of energy saving, packet delivery rates, and reduced vulnerability to eavesdropping. We also discuss some potential mixtures of energy efficiency and security strategies.