Three-Dimensional Image Reconstruction Method Based on Planar Array Electrode Sensor for Perioperative Atelectasis With Electrical Impedance Tomography

A 3-D image reconstruction method based on the planar array electrode sensor (PAE-Sensor) with electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is proposed for perioperative atelectasis. This method is based on 3-D lung EIT technology, which provides images containing rich pathological information, and the arrangement of PAE-Sensors is suitable for perioperative atelectasis patients compared to electrode belts. First, a double lung model with five lung lobes is constructed. This model is used to simulate different atelectasis conditions under four lung function levels. Second, several types of PAE-Sensors with reference electrodes are designed for perioperative atelectasis. Three-dimensional lung EIT imaging is achieved by the PAE-Sensors, which can be used to estimate local atelectasis. Finally, the effectiveness of the PAE-Sensors is verified through 3-D lung breathing phantom experiments. Image correlation coefficient (ICC) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) are used to evaluate the image reconstruction quality. The imaging results show that the multireference planar array electrode (MRPAE-Sensor) outperforms the other PAE-Sensors in the image reconstruction quality. In the 3-D lung breathing experiments, the ICC of MRPAE-Sensor =0.898 and RMSE =0.058. The imaging results are closest to the recorded snapshots obtained in the experiments. Compared with PAE-Sensors, the MRPAE-Sensor increases ICC by 6.53% and reduces RMSE by 9.36%. Meanwhile, for 2-D slices of different sections, the average $\overline {\text {ICC}} =0.933$ and the average $\overline {\text {RMSE}} =0.062$ higher than other sensors. The MRPAE-Sensor is expected to be used in perioperative atelectasis to achieve 3-D lung EIT imaging of patients.