Design of a unique H-L shape EBG Antenna for 5G Telecommunication Technology

A novel H-L shape electromagnetic band gap (EBG) antenna set by a $50-\mathrm{ohm}$ microstrip line for good performance parameters in the higher frequency range of telecommunication technology is originated in this paper. An I-shape microstrip patch antenna is also preferred as a foundation for better performance also fed by a microstrip line.FR-4 materials (lossy) are used as a substrate of $10 \times 10 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}$ dimensions in this design having a dielectric constant is 4.3 and a thickness is 1.6 mm. The split gap of the design is 0.5 mm. The overall dimensions of this design are $8 \times 8 \mathbf{~ m m}^{2}$ structured by the simulating software CST Studio Suite 2021. By placing the EBG unit cell design on the ground plane (EBG structure), the antenna provides finer return loss, enhanced far-field directivity, gain, higher bandwidth, and current flowing performance in the surface area. The return loss of 48.179 dB (Without EBG) provides perfect input impedance matching in our work. At the resonance frequency of 33.81 GH, the return loss is obtained at 71.09 dB in an $\mathrm{H}-\mathrm{L}$ shape EBG antenna with a higher bandwidth is about $7.35 \mathrm{GHz}(31.298 \mathrm{GHz}$ to 38.695 GHz).