Bidirectional Solid State Circuit Breaker with Passive Surge Absorber for LV Applications

This research introduces the Bidirectional Passive Technique (BPT), a novel topology for low-voltage solid-state circuit breakers (SSCBs) that is based on the RCD model. BPT achieves fast switching, minimizes surge voltage across the main switch, and reduces circuit complexity by limiting active components to the primary switch. The study details the working principles, operating modes, and design procedure, supported by key equations for time intervals, voltages, and currents. Validation through MATLAB simulations and practical tests demonstrates rapid interruption within 40 μsec, ensuring effective protection for loads and DC microgrid (DC-MG) systems. The proposed model targets low-voltage systems (48 V) with a 10 A threshold current for the Future Architecture of Network Project, demonstrating the high effectiveness of the BPT in DC microgrid protection..