Microstrip Antenna Miniaturization Using 3-D Printed Substrate

A miniaturized microstrip patch antenna using a three-dimensional (3-D) printed substrate is presented in this paper. To achieve miniaturization, a triangular prism substrate is proposed to replace conventional cuboid structure. Its resonance can be readily adjusted by modifying the substrate shape and the radiator size. The antenna operates at 2.54 GHz with fractional bandwidth of 3.51%, achieving a peak gain of 5.2 dBi at 2.54 GHz. Using the proposed method, the antenna achieves an area reduction of 41.74% compared to a conventional patch antenna.