Design of an Active Tuned Mass Damper (ATMD) and Simulation for Vibration Reduction in Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Systems

This paper presents the development and simulation of an Active Tuned Mass Damper (ATMD) system designed to reduce vibrations in multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) structures. The dynamic model was derived using Newtonian mechanics and represented in state-space form to facilitate control design. The developed ATMD system was tested using acceleration records from the earthquake that occurred in Kahramanmaraş on February 6, 2023. Simulation analyses performed with a PID controller showed that the maximum average displacement ratio was reduced by approximately 13.2 percent, and the RMS error value was measured as 0.044. Numerical analyses carried out in the MATLAB Simulink environment showed the effectiveness of the ATMD system in reducing vibrations and making it an efficient solution, especially suitable for large-scale structures like high-rise buildings and long-span bridges. The ATMD system proposed in this paper is effective in minimizing the impact of earthquakes when compared to an uncontrolled counterpart, and all controllers were feasible from an energy expenditure point of view. Results showed that the proposed approach, if deployed, yields effective vibration reduction in realistic scenarios, which enhance the safety of structures, mainly under earthquake-affected loading scenarios.