Advancements in Motion Capture and Wearable Sensors: A Comprehensive Review of Biomechanical Analysis in Football

Advancements in wearable sensor technology have significantly impacted the field of football biomechanics, offering novel methods for real-time monitoring and analysis of player performance and injury risk. This manuscript explores the evolution and application of various motion capture systems, including marker-based, markerless, and inertial measurement units (IMUs), as well as GPS and heart rate monitors, and pressure sensors in football. The application areas discussed include football actions, footwear biomechanics, and playing surfaces, emphasizing the importance of these technologies in both training and competition environments.. The manuscript concludes with a discussion on future directions, highlighting the potential for further technological innovations and interdisciplinary approaches to enhance player safety and performance. This study underscores the importance of continued research and development in wearable sensor technology to address the evolving demands of modern football.