Sustainable Operation of CCUS Units Under Low-Carbon Economics

To ensure the sustainable operation of the Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) units, a novel cooperative scheme is proposed for CCUS units and wind farm clusters (WFCs) within integrated markets of electricity, carbon emission trading (CET), and green certificate trading (GCT), incorporating tradable green certificate (TGC) offset mechanism. This scheme, utilizing the Asymmetric Nash Bargaining (ANB) theory, is divided into two sub-problems: energy trading and benefit allocation. In the energy trading problem, uncertainties in electricity prices and wind power are addressed using a data-driven distributionally robust (D-DRO) method to maximize the expected utility, and a model-oriented Benders Decomposition (BD) algorithm is proposed to ensure privacy and computational efficiency. For the benefit allocation problem, an analytical method based on Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions is employed to achieve a rational and fair allocation, considering each participant’s bargaining power. Numerical experiments in small-scale and large-scale systems indicate that CCUS unit revenue has increased by 14.09% and 7.28%, respectively, with the proposed scheme. Additionally, when solving the energy trading problem considering the refined AA model for electrolyzer clusters, the computational time has accelerated by 28.56 times and 66.55 times, while ensuring solution quality. Note to Practitioners—The incorporation of CCUS units has emerged as a promising option for the energy sector to achieve low-carbon transformation. Unlocking the profitability of CCUS units amid the fluctuating conditions of power systems and within complex market environments is critical for ensuring their sustainable operation. This paper proposes a cooperative scheme between CCUS units and WFCs within multi-market settings. By sequentially addressing the energy trading problem and the benefit allocation problem, this scheme enables participating entities to mitigate potential uncertainties in transactions, effectively execute trading plans while preserving privacy, and achieve fair and rational benefits. This scheme not only provides valuable insights for designing sustainable operational strategies for CCUS units under low-carbon economics within power systems, but its applied cooperative framework and distributed algorithm also exhibit significant scalability, offering industry practitioners important practical value.