Temperature Dependent Equivalent Circuit Models for Li-Ion Batteries: A Comparative Study

Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are highly sensitive to temperature which affects the performance, efficiency, and safety. Equivalent circuit modeling (ECM) is a simplified approach to represent the electrical behavior of complex systems, such as batteries, by using circuit components like resistors, capacitors, and voltage sources. The Rint model is widely used in battery modeling due to its simplicity and ease of implementation which represents the battery as a series resistor (internal resistance) and a voltage source (open circuit voltage). It captures the behavior of the system with minimal complexity, focusing on internal resistance and open-circuit voltage(OCV). This paper presents a comparative analysis between two battery equivalent circuit models: the temperature-dependent Rint model and the conventional Rint model without temperature consideration. This study evaluates both models under different operational scenarios to assess their accuracy in predicting battery behavior, with a focus on voltage response, state of charge estimation, and thermal performance. The result is validated by using MATLAB wSIMULINK.