Analytical transient response of CMOS inverters

A general formula relating the waveform at the output of a CMOS inverter to the waveform at its input is derived. The formula is applied to three cases: a step input, a ramp input, and an exponential input. A one-dimensional function dependence of the inverter propagation delay and output slew rate on circuit parameters is derived and an inverter macromodel for timing analysis is suggested and experimentally verified.<
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