Design of a Compact 2-Bit PIN Diode Reflection Type Phase Shifter using Radial Stub

The goal of this research is to create an optimized hybrid coupler structure for a PIN diode reflection type phase shifter (RTPS) operating at microwave frequencies. To date, no phase shifter has been reported with the proposed technique, compactness, minimum phase error and balanced amplitude. Another limitation of designing such structures at such high frequency range, is that the $50 \Omega$ impedance lines’ width approaches its length for given substrate thickness, that is undesirable. This study introduces a new method of developing a module at $100 \Omega$ and translating it back to $50 \Omega$ at the input and output terminals. Moreover, the proposed design is highly resilient to manufacturing constraints owing to the addition of radial stubs instead of lumped components, as reflective loads. Its performance with respect to its bandwidth coverage is better with 15% bandwidth enhancement, insertion loss around 3 dB, and reflection co-efficient at all ports is better than $\mathbf{- 1 5 d B}$ over the whole operating bandwidth. The simulated and measured results validate the proposed design effectively.