Research on the Function Role of Variable-Speed Pumped Storage Units Based on Time Series Production Simulation

As China accelerates its progress towards carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, pumped storage power plants are playing an increasingly crucial role in mitigating the fluctuations of renewable energy output and enhancing power system flexibility. These plants have become a key technological support for building a new type of power system. This paper analyzes the role of variable-speed pumped storage units in system scheduling and grid support and establishes a comprehensive index system to evaluate their contribution to this new energy infrastructure. A time-series production model for variable-speed units is developed, considering the joint optimization of these units' participation in both the energy and ancillary service markets. By comparing the dispatch outcomes of variable-speed and fixed-speed units through case studies of provincial power grids, the results demonstrate that variable-speed units have clear advantages in facilitating renewable energy integration, promoting energy savings, and reducing emissions. This study provides a scientific basis for advancing the adoption of variable-speed pumped storage technology in the development of modern power systems.