Coordinated Operation of Multiple Flexible Resources in Low-carbon Microgrid With Annomia and Hydrogen Storages

High penetrations of RESs lead to the unstable energy flows in energy systems as the output of RESs are random, volatile, and intermittent. Energy storages can stabilize the power variations caused from RESs, through charging and discharging power processes. To improve the flexibility of energy storage system, this study suggests a coordinated operating plan for various energy storage devices, such as hydrogen storage (HS), ammonia storage (AS), natural gas storage (NGS) and battery storage (BS). Simulation results validate that the energy efficiency of microgrid is improved with the multi-level conversion of energy flow.