Examining the Effect of Fault Impedance on the Power System in the Event of Unbalanced Faults

A fault is the equivalent of a structural network change broughtby an increase of impedance at the fault location. If the defect impedance is zero, it is referred to as a solid or fixed fault. The power flow solution's results are used to determine the pre-fault bus voltages. From the perspective of the faulted bus, the flawed network is reduced to a circuit that is equivalent to a Thevenin. Thevenin's theorem is applied to obtain changes in the bus voltages. The pre-failed bus voltages and the change in bus voltages are superposed to obtain the bus voltages during the problem. To evaluate the bus voltages under asymmetrical fault scenarios, such as line-to-line, line-to-ground, and double line-to-ground faults with varying impedance values, a conventional 11-bus system is taken into consideration. MATLAB is employed in simulation-related tasks.