Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity: Innovations and Challenges

Rapid developments in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) have had a big impact on cyber security by providing creative answers to challenging security problems. This analysis examines how AI and ML are integrated into cyber security, emphasizing the uses, advantages, and drawbacks of each technology. To improve threat detection, malware categorization, phishing prevention, and network security, this study analyses many AI and ML methods, such as reinforcement learning, deep learning, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning. According to recent study findings, AI-driven intrusion detection systems can detect intrusions with up to 99% accuracy, which greatly lowers the number of false positives. Comparatively, compared to conventional techniques, machine learning algorithms for malware detection have increased detection rates by 20-30%. However, several technological obstacles stand in the way of AI's smooth integration with cyber security. These obstacles include problems with data quality, adversarial assaults, interpretability of models, and the computing demands of implementing AI at scale. There are other major obstacles, such as privacy and ethical considerations. Nonetheless, issues including adversarial attacks, ethical dilemmas, and poor data quality persist. This paper illustrates the usefulness of AI and ML technologies in cyber security through real-world case studies. Lastly, it emphasizes how AI and ML have the ability to revolutionize cyber security procedures by highlighting upcoming trends and research paths. This review attempts to provide useful insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to harness AI and ML for a safer digital environment by providing a thorough overview and highlighting important discoveries.