Passivity-Based Integral Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Suppressing Output Voltage Fluctuations in Dynamic Wireless Charging

This article introduces an innovative control strategy that combines passivity-based control (PBC) with integral terminal sliding mode control (ITSMC) to address fluctuations in the output voltage of dynamic wireless charging (DWC) systems for electric vehicles (EVs). The proposed passivity-based integral terminal sliding mode (PBITSM) control strategy achieves stable output voltage with minimal fluctuation, even amidst variations in mutual coupling due to receiver movement. Notably, this composite control strategy offers the features of both PBC and ITSMC to enhance dynamic response, mitigate chattering issues inherent in traditional SMC, and improve system robustness, all while preserving passivity. Moreover, the proposed PBITSM controller possesses finite-time property, providing advantages such as faster convergence and superior disturbance rejection capabilities. The detailed design procedure of the proposed controller is presented, and the stability of the controller is demonstrated. Simulation results highlight the superiority of the proposed control method in suppressing voltage fluctuations compared to a proportional-integral (PI) controller and passivity-based proportional-integral control (PIPBC). Moreover, experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in suppressing output voltage fluctuations during receiver motion, limiting the fluctuation rate to ±3.3%.