Modeling and Risk Analysis of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control Systems Based on Petri Nets and Distributed Edge Intelligence

Fueled by advancements in intelligent transportation systems, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) seeks to connect smart vehicles, road infrastructure, and users into a unified network, enhancing traffic efficiency and reducing accident risks. Centralized cloud data collection raises concerns about privacy and communication overhead. To address these, distributed edge intelligence (DEI) reduces transmission costs and improves privacy by implementing machine learning at the network edge. In this context, cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) systems, combined with DEI in the IoV framework, enhance transportation system intelligence through real-time data processing and decentralized decision making. This article proposes a modeling and analysis method for CACC systems based on Petri nets. The datasets are automatically generated using tools developed by our team, and machine-learning methods are utilized to perform risk prediction analysis on the CACC model. From the perspective of Petri nets synchronization, we propose risk mitigation strategies from a design standpoint. The research results show that the proposed method significantly reduces signal accumulation and enhances synchronization in CACC systems. This improvement provides new theoretical support and technical guidance for the design and implementation of CACC systems, ultimately enhancing their safety and reliability.