Advancement of High-Impedance Fault Detection in Primary Distribution Systems Using a Sequence Components Energy Detector

A reliable solution for detecting high impedance faults must be provided by the existing primary distribution system. This paper presents and tries to propose solutions for the existing distribution network by means of energy detectors. The energy detector is made up of two main detectors, namely the ‘negative sequence voltage - zero sequence current’ energy detector and the; ‘negative sequence voltage - negative sequence current’ energy detector. The energy detector is connected in conjunction with to an existing overcurrent protection relay. The overcurrent protection takes care of overcurrent protection, and the energy detector takes care of high-impedance fault current. For ‘negative sequence voltages and zero sequences currents’, energy detector shall operate at the threshold of energies dissipated due to a high impedance fault. On the other hand, as far as ‘negative sequence voltage and negative sequence current’ and its energy released in a high impedance fault shall be used to operate them according to their convergence region. A simple, 7 Bus system on a simulation platform will be used for the test of an energy detector. It is validated by real world data of the 33/11 kV Substation. The proposed system provides a low cost, reliable solution to the high impedance problem.