Comprehensive Literature Review on Fake News Detection: Techniques, Challenges and Emerging Trends

The existence of fake news endangers the public through its creation of manipulated information which confuses our political and financial structures along with general societal debates. Online technology expansion has made authentic information delineation from false information progressively difficult to detect. Combatting misinformation requires essential detection of fake news so advanced technologies such as machine learning natural language processing and deep learning show promising results in resolving these concerns between authentic and false information. Detecting fake news is essential to mitigating the harmful consequences of misinformation, and advanced technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and deep learning have proven to be effective tools in addressing this issue. This research explores the diverse automatic detection strategies for fake news while examining their implementation obstacles and reviewing recent technological advances intended to enhance detection system capability. This review creates a pathway to understand fake news detection research progress while detailing prospective methods for upcoming advancements.