Optimum Integration of Renewable Energy Sources to Meet the Supply-Demand Balance in an Off-Grid Electricity Network

In recent days, low-power low-voltage off-grid electricity networks have become attractive as they represent a potential solution to connect renewable energy sources directly to loads. This direct connection of renewable energy sources offers several advantages over conventional grid-tied connection. A primary benefit of these low-power low-voltage networks is the flexibility to run stand-by loads such as washing machines, dishwashers, cookers and televisions when the battery electric energy storage is optimally charged. This leads to the issue of formulation of optimum integration of renewable energy sources and storages to meet supply-demand balance of these networks. This research demonstrates a test home considering low-power low-voltage off-grid electricity consumers and formulated an optimum integration of renewable energy sources and battery electric energy storages to meet the supply-demand balance. The outcomes of test home operations are used to develop and present the concept of optimal integration of renewable energy sources with battery electric energy storages in this paper.