Transient Matching Squeezing Transform for Seismic Time–Frequency Analysis

Time-frequency analysis (TFA) is widely used to describe the time-frequency (TF) features of seismic data, thanks to its superior capability in analyzing nonstationary signals. Among the commonly used TFA techniques, the time-reassigned synchrosqueezing transform (TSST) and transient-extracting transform (TET) provide a TF spectrum with high-time resolution for seismic signals. However, both TSST and TET cannot simultaneously emphasize both sharpening and reconstruction performance. This article proposes a transient matching squeezing transform (TMST) that integrates these two performances. First, drawing on the idea of TET, define the group delay (GD) band center to trace the GD trajectory of the signal. Then, explore the properties of the GD estimator and theoretically construct a matching GD (MGD) estimator based on these properties. Finally, incorporating the idea of TSST employs the MGD estimator to squeeze the dispersed TF coefficients to the GD band center, thereby sharpening the original TF spectrum while preserving the reconstruction of the original signal, as validated by numerical simulations. Furthermore, the application of the simulated geological model and field seismic data shows that the proposed TMST can effectively reveal geological features, making it a powerful tool for seismic signal analysis.