GraFPrint: A GNN-Based Approach for Audio Identification

This paper introduces GraFPrint, an audio identification framework that leverages the structural learning capabilities of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to create robust audio fingerprints. Our method constructs a k-nearest neighbour (k-NN) graph from time-frequency representations and applies max-relative graph convolutions to encode local and global information. The network is trained using a self-supervised contrastive approach, which enhances resilience to ambient distortions by optimizing feature representation. GraFPrint demonstrates superior performance on large-scale datasets at various levels of granularity, proving to be both lightweight and scalable, making it suitable for real-world applications with extensive reference databases.