A Systematic Literature Review of Security and Privacy Solutions for the Metaverse

The metaverse is a virtual simulation of the physical world, utilizing advanced technologies like big data, AI, 5G, cloud computing, blockchain, digital twins, and virtual engines. Integrating these into a cohesive application introduces significant privacy and security challenges. This paper systematically reviews privacy and security solutions in metaverse technologies, focusing on identity, data, networks, and transaction issues. Identified solutions include blockchain, digital twins, and hash-based data, network, and transaction protection mechanisms. Despite progress, current solutions may not fully address the evolving privacy and security risks posed by expanding metaverse applications, suggesting a need for continued research.