Visual Analysis of Electric Vehicle Power Grid Based on Linear Programming Model

This study utilizes a combination of linear programming analysis and Monte Carlo simulation to analyze the load characteristics of the electric vehicle-to-grid (V2G) system. The main focus is on evaluating the effectiveness of the V2G system in filling the grid load and regulating peak demand. Initially, a representative region is selected, and the grid load data for this region is presented without deploying the V2G system. Detailed analysis is conducted on the peaks and valleys in the load curves, providing a solid basis for comparison in the subsequent study. Subsequently, we constructed a mathematical model of the V2G system, which can accurately simulate the changes in the grid load data after introducing the V2G mechanism. Using this model, we thoroughly discussed how the V2G technology can intelligently regulate Evs' charging and discharging behaviors to manage the grid load effectively. It is worth noting that the grid load is affected by various complex and dynamically changing factors, and if these factors are ignored in the study, the resulting load optimization curves may be too idealized and lack the reference value for practical application. Therefore, this study innovatively introduces a “penalty term” mechanism to simulate the interference and fluctuation of other factors on the grid load except for the V2G system, so that the simulation results are closer to the real situation of grid operation. Ultimately, the results of this study clearly show that the load fluctuation of the power grid is significantly improved after the introduction of the V2G system. This finding not only verifies the great potential of V2G technology in improving the stability and flexibility of the power grid but also provides strong theoretical support and practical guidance for the further development of V2G technology and its wide application in smart grids in the future. In summary, this study not only deepens our understanding of the load characteristics of V2G systems but also contributes important research results to promote the continuous progress of V2G technology and the construction of smart grids.