Security and Ethics Readiness Levels: Two New Scales

We propose two new readiness level scales. The first scale is dedicated to security aspects that accompany technological development. It follows the cybersecurity capability model. The second scale indicates the legal, privacy, and ethics readiness of technological components based on integrating human-centric considerations into a design. The scale derives its formal features from the integration readiness level structure but seeks to encompass a broader ethics-by-design approach. We argue that both security and ethics readiness scales deserve separate treatment in addition to long-accepted technological readiness levels to provide a comprehensive metric for technology and innovation management.