Design and Implementation of a PHM Vibration Monitoring System for Rail Vehicles Based on the Internet of Things

The principal constraints associated with conventional rail vehicle vibration monitoring systems pertain to their substantial volume, intricate wiring configuration, and restricted operational range. In light of the shortcomings of the extant railway vehicle vibration monitoring systems, this paper proposes a PHM vibration monitoring system for rail vehicles based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The system is capable of wireless data transmission, exhibits a high sampling rate, and employs IoT technology to reduce system costs. The MESH wireless intelligent network is utilized to transmit data collected by edge node sensors to the central node and subsequently uploaded to the cloud. Moreover, the system incorporates GPS and RTC modules for real-time positioning and timing. At the edge node level, the sampling rate can reach up to 2000 Hz. In comparison with the commercial equipment, the system has been tested for effectiveness and reliability. It is capable of collecting crucial vibration acceleration data for fault diagnosis and Prognostics Health Management (PHM) on rail vehicles.