Research on Electric Vehicle V2G Charging and Discharging Strategies Based on Market Supply and Demand Relationship

With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry and the increasing contradiction between electric vehicle charging load and grid supply, optimizing electric vehicle charging and discharging strategies has become urgent. The interaction between electric vehicles (EV) and the grid is gradually becoming an important component of the energy system. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology allows electric vehicles to return stored energy to the grid during peak power demand, thereby playing a role in 'peak shaving and valley filling' and improving grid reliability. This paper explores the optimization methods for V2G charging and discharging strategies based on the relationship between market supply and demand. An optimization model for electric vehicle charging and discharging is established, considering the game relationship between supply and demand, to determine the optimal electricity pricing strategy and electric vehicle charging and discharging strategy. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can significantly stabilize the variance of the base load curve, greatly reduce the peak-to-valley difference in grid supply, reduce electric vehicle users' charging and discharging costs by more than 36%, and significantly increase the revenue of aggregators.