Design of a Compact Folded Arm Patch Antenna Array for Millimeter Wave Band 5G Applications

This paper presents a millimeter wave antenna array with high gain characteristics. The antenna is a patch with modified arms folded to attain high gain compactness. An initial folded arm modified patch antenna for the 28 GHz desired frequency is utilized and the gain is enhanced through a 2 × 2 antenna array. The array design increased the gain to 10.39 dBi, which is more than the 6.95 dBi of a single element. The radiation pattern displayed multiple beams of radiation, particularly at 0°, 18°, and 330° in both planes, demonstrating effectiveness without employing complex techniques. The fabricated antenna array has a measured bandwidth of 27.1 GHz to 28.6 GHz, covering the 28 GHz 5G band. The proposed antenna's multi-beam feature with high gain capabilities demonstrates its suitability for 5G applications.